The 1940s marked a critical decade in the political history of Kashmir, defined by a complex interplay of nationalism, anti-feudal resistance, and the struggle for self-determination amid the broader backdrop of the Indian subcontinent’s partition. This study explores the evolution of political consciousness in Kashmir, particularly through the activities of the National Conference under Sheikh Abdullah’s leadership and its confrontation with the autocratic rule of Maharaja Hari Singh. Central to this period was the "Quit Kashmir" movement of 1946, inspired by democratic ideals and aligned with India’s anti-colonial momentum. The movement sought to end princely despotism and empower the Kashmiri people through representative governance. The article examines competing nationalist ideologies, including the secular vision of the Indian National Congress and the communal narrative advanced by the Muslim League under Muhammad Ali Jinnah. It also analyzes key moments such as Gandhi’s visit in 1947, which reinforced the region's symbolic and political importance during the twilight of British colonialism. Ultimately, the study reflects on how the culmination of these forces—internal dissent, national aspirations, and external pressures—shaped the accession of Jammu and Kashmir to India, leaving an enduring impact on the region’s political trajectory.
Published: 30 JUN 2023
Issue: Jan-Jun (2023)
Section: Articles
Metrics: 510 345
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